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Kavandi was awarded a doctorate in chemistry in 1990 for her work with pressure-sensitive coatings to aid in studying air pressure on surfaces such as airplane wings. She subsequently joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, logging 33 days in space and 13.1 million miles traveled in 535 Earth orbits.

As the publication of scientific research papers shifts more and more from print to electronic distribution, universities often buy site licenses that provide campus-wide online access to a variety of journals, which cuts publishers’ production costs and is more convenient for readers.

Woodruff Sullivan, a 91±¬ÁÏ astronomy professor, is teaming up with television personality Bill Nye, “the science guy,” and The Planetary Society on EarthDial, a project to get schools, community organizations and individuals around the world to build their own sundials and display them on the Internet using 24-hour webcams.

It’s a long-held tenet of avian biology that songbirds have just two types of a key reproduction hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and only one actually triggers a seasonal “puberty” each spring in preparation for reproduction. But the new research shows a third form of the hormone, called lamprey GnRH-III-like hormone because it was first identified in lampreys, is also present in songbird brains.